- A basic understanding of programming (like Python, JavaScript, or C++) is helpful but not mandatory.
- Familiarity with data structures (arrays, linked lists, hash functions) gives you a strong foundation.
- Knowing basic networking and database concepts helps understand distributed ledger technology.
- An interest in financial systems, supply chains, or digital contracts adds valuable context.
- Non-technical learners can start with blockchain fundamentals before diving into smart contracts.

